PROGRESSIVE RENAL DYSFUNCTION OF IRAQI PATIENTS WITH AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE (ADPKD) IS ASSOCIATED WITH FAMILY HISTORY, CREATININE, GFR AND HYPERTENSION.

Background and objectives:- This study was designed to examine the clinical diagnostic characteristics of family members affected with Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in Iraq. Materials and methods:-Thirty two families with 61 individuals affected with ADPKD, and 35 control healthy individuals were used to examine the abdominal features by ultrasound, serum levels of creatinine, urea and GFR together with blood pressure (BP) and lipid profile to assign the stages of disease. Statistical analyses was done by using t-test, chi-square, or ANOVA. Results:- The development of multiple cysts and massive enlargement of kidneys size were clearly noted at 40 years of age. These changes were associated at different magnitudes with family history, disease and age progression of nearly all patients. As disease progresses, a significant increase in the levels of both of creatinine and urea (p<0.05), but a decrease in GFR. Similarly, hypertension was found in a 36% of ADPKD patients (p<0.05), and HDL (but no others) was significantly differed (p>0.05) compared to controls. Conclusion:- Results indicate that multiple factors such as creatinine, urea, GFR, and hypertension as well as family history, and HDL were clearly seen to be associated with disease progression rather than the onset of the ADPKD.It suggests that multiple determinants/markers may contribute to disease progression including the genetic heterogeneity/polymorphism of PKD.