ANATOMICAL STUDY OF THE PRIMARY BRONCHI AND THE LUNG IN YELLOW-VENTED BULBUL (PYCNONOTUS GOIAVIER)

Macroscopic account of the primary bronchi and lung in the five birds of yellow-vented bulbul (Pycnonotus goiavier) ,the target organs recognized then the shape , position ,dimensions of each specimen were record ,the primary bronchi and lungs exist within the ribs cage ,after syrinx the trachea divided in two primary bronchi which consist of cartilaginous rings as C-shape. Mean number of cartilaginous rings of left and right primary bronchi are (10.4 ± 0.39) and (10.6 ± 0.39), and the mean length of the left and right primary bronchi were (0.34 ±0.024 cm) and (0.36 ± 0.024 cm). The lung appear small in size , pyramidal in shape, bright pink color and unlobed ,its location craniodorsally from the body cavity and extend from the first to the fourth rib . Each lung have contained two borders ,two extremities and two surface ,the medial borders of left and right lung are thick and very close together , the lateral borders very thin and attach dorsally with ribs ,the left and right proximal extremity are wide, while the two distal extremities are narrow and terminate closely from left and right kidney, the dorsal surface of both lungs was convex and contain shallow four grooves ,while the ventral surface concave and contain hilus .The mean total width , length and thickness of left lung are (0.82 ± 0.037 cm) , (1.16 ± 0.067 cm) and (0.26 ± 0.026 cm) , and the mean total width ,length and thickness of right lung are (0.82 ± 0.041 cm),(1.1 ± 0.062 cm) and (0.26 ± 0.024 cm).