THE IMPORTANCE AND CONTRIBUTION OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGIES IN REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

Many measures are being taken worldwide to prevent climate change and drought. In developed countries, efforts in the fields of economy, energy and agriculture continue uninterruptedly. Agriculture is greatly impacted by climate change, and unsustainable farming practices are no exception. The agricultural sector produces significant amounts of greenhouse gases, including CO₂, N₂O, and CH₄.Changing carbon stocks in soil and atmospheric air, due to changes in the energy used in agricultural practices and changes in soil management, affects CO₂ emissions. There has been a recent movement in the agricultural sector to cut greenhouse gas emissions.While existing studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of sustainable agricultural practices in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, there is limited research specifically examining how Precision Agriculture Technologies (PAT) contribute to these reductions.Accordingly, by accounting for the lands temporal and spatial variability, precision agricultural technologies make it possible to use agricultural inputs efficiently. Agriculture productivity is raised by these cutting-edge technologies, which include precision physical weeding, variable rate sowing, irrigation, pesticide application, and fertilization. Precision Agriculture Technologies (PAT) can contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural activities, sustaining or increasing productivity, in this context, the variable rate approach to fertilization, irrigation and pesticide application has a significant impact. Remote sensing (satellite imagery, thermal imaging), global positioning system (GPS), lidar (light reflection and detection), drones, geographic information systems (ArcGIS), Google Earth and Global Mapper are also used in precision agriculture practices.By analyzing the impact of these practices in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the advantages of using (PAT) in future agricultural and climate policy measures can be evaluated. In studies, it has been determined that agricultural activities (fertilization, tillage, irrigation, spraying) carried out using precision agriculture techniques reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 5%-62%. At the same time, it is also stated that it contributes to the economy by saving money by using agricultural input at the required rate. Examining how precision agriculture technologies might reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural sources is the aim of this review.