DELAYED HEMOLYTIC TRANSFUSION REACTIONS ( DHTR) AND HYPERHEMOLYSIS SYNDROME IN CHILDREN WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE (SCD ) : A CASE REPORT: JUBAIL, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA

Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs) occur in patients who have received transfusions in the past. These patients may have very low antibody titers that are undetectable on pretransfusion testing, so that seemingly compatible units of red blood cells (RBCs) are transfused. DHTRs are a potentially life-threatening complication of sickle-cell disease (SCD) treatment. In SCD, DHTRs appear to be an immune process that develop because of differences in erythrocyte antigens between blood donors and patients.

Aim:DHTR is one of serious complication of blood transfusion that happens due to alloimmunized which is lead to hyperhaemolysis syndrome , DHTR can be managed by steroid and Intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIG ) and prevented by accurate records with extended matching for certain population.

Methodology: The consent of the patient and his family was obtained to publish and highlight his health condition in detail and to follow up with the case to match the research results and work on it under the framework of case reporting.

Conclusion: DHTR can be managed by steroid and Intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIG ) with good outcomes,DHTR can be prevented by means of accurate records, extended matching for certain population with high risk of developing alloantibodies such as individuals with SCD and B-thalassemia with proper handling of administration of blood product and proper notation in the patient medical records and blood bank records as well as the use of medical card for patient to known RBC alloantibodies.