20Jan 2020

IRON AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA - A REVIEW

  • Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang province, 154002, China.
  • Department of Internal Medicine, The First Teaching Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei province, 443002, China.
  • Department of Physiology, Basic medical college of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang province, 154002, China.
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Iron deficiency (ID) remains the most common mineral and nutrient deficiency and a public health concern worldwide. ID often leads to iron deficiency anemia (IDA), which affects about 30% of the world population. IDA presents with generalized fatigue and dyspnea in adults, decrement in learning, and behavioral abnormalities in adolescents. In children and pregnant women, a psychological disorder called pica is commonly seen. Delayed development and growth and decrease in cognitive function are the results of ID in neonates. A severe form of IDA can cause significant mortality in children and pregnant women. Investigations required to diagnose the IDA are complete blood count (CBC), serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation, but low serum ferritin is the best diagnostic test in IDA. Treating the underlying etiology is the initial step in IDA management. Oral iron salts remain the treatment of choice in most patients who do not have comorbid conditions. The patient who cannot tolerate oral iron due to gastrointestinal (GI) side effects newer generations IV iron therapy may be appropriate.GI evaluation is necessary for adult men and postmenopausal women whose respond is minimal to iron therapy. Red blood cells (RBCs) transfusion is indicated in severe unstable IDA patients.

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[Dilip Dhakal, Lokendra Kunwar, Linlin Jia, Chun Zhang, Linming Xin, Yuhang Wang and Liming Tian (2020); IRON AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA - A REVIEW Int. J. of Adv. Res. 8 (Jan). 582-591] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com

Liming Tian
Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University

DOI:

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/10333      
DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/10333

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