10May 2019

TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY OF ELECTRONIC HAND DYNAMOMETER IN HEALTHY ADULTS.

  • Paramasivan Mani Ph.D. Teaching Faculty King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.
  • KiruthigadeviSethupathy, MPT NeuroPhysiotherapy Specialist, Al - Ahsa hospital Saudi Arabia.
  • IMDC Hospital, Maldives.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • Cite This Article as
  • Corresponding Author

Background: Physical Therapists frequently measure grip strength by using handdynamometer. The tests establish a baseline from which to assess improvement, compare the effectiveness of various surgical or treatment procedures, set realistic treatment goals, and assess a patient's ability to return to previous employment. Recently, researchers have come up with an instrument, Electronic Hand dynamometer, to measure maximal isometric grip strength. However the reliability of Camry electronic hand-held dynamometer has not been reported. Need of the study: The purpose of this study is to describe the test-retest reliability ofCamry electronic hand dynamometer for grip-strength measurement. Objectives: To estimate the reliability of grip strength measurements obtained with the electronic hand dynamometer in healthy adults. To compare the reliability of electronic hand dynamometer in various positions of both arms, i.e., flexed and extended elbow. Results: A total of 114 participants were included in this study from Mysore city. Theincluded samples were divided into six groups according to age with 19 samples in each group. ICC was found to be .95. The reliability of the electronic hand dynamometer for the right side with the elbow flexed was found to be 0.94 while for left side was found to be 0.91. Meanwhile, the reliability for the right side with elbow extended was found to be 0.98 and for the left side was 0.97. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that Camry electronic handdynamometer has excellent reliability to test grip strength. The reliability of the instrument was found to be the best when grip strength was measured in elbow extended position.


  1. Trombly C. Occupational therapy for physical dysfunction. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 1983.
  2. Kirk P. Evaluation of grip loss. Cal Med. 1956; 85: 314-320.
  3. Bechtol C. Grip test: The use of a dynamometer with adjustable handle spacings. JBone Joint Surg AM. 1995; 36: 820-832.
  4. Roberts H, Denison H, Martin H, Patel H, Syddall H, Cooper C, Sayer A et al. A review of the measurement of grip strength in clinical and epidemiological studies:towards a standardized approach. Age Ageing. 2011; 40 (4): 423-429.
  5. Mathiowetz V, Weber K, Volland G, Kashman N. Reliability and validity of grip and pinch strength evaluation. J. Hand Surg. 1984; 9A: 22-6.
  6. Bohannon R. Test-retest reliability of hand-held dynamometry during a single session of strength assessment. 1986 Feb; 66(2):206-9.
  7. Kuzala E, Vargo M. The relationship between elbow position and grip strength. Am J OccupTher. 1992 June; 46(6): 509-512. Hamilton A, Balgave R, Adams R. Grip strength testing reliability. J Hand Ther. 1994, Jul-Sep; 7(3): 163-70.
  8. Coldham F, Lewis J, Lee H. The reliability of one v/s three grip trials in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects. J Hand Ther. 2006 Jul-Sep; 19(3):318-26.
  9. Molenaar M, Zuidam J, Selles R, Stam H, Hovins E. Age-specific reliability of two grip strength dynamometer when used by children. J Bone Joint Surg. 2008 May; 90: 1053-1059.
  10. Reuter S, Massy-Westropp N, Evans A. Reliability and validity of indices of hand grip strength and endurance. AustOccupTher J. 2011 Apr; 58(2):82-7.
  11. Reddon J, Stefanyank W, Gill D, Renney C. Hand dynamometer; Effects of trials and session., Percept Mot Skills.1985 Dec; 61:1195-8.
  12. American Society of Hand therapists Monograph. Clinical assessment recommendations. Indianapolis.
  13. Shrout P, Fleiss J. Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability. Psych Bulletin. 1979; 86(2):420-428.
  14. Teraoka T. Studies on the peculiarity of grip strength in relation to body positions and aging. Kobe Journal of Medical Science. 1979; 25: 1-17.
  15. Wiles J, Boyson H, Bird S. Validity and reliability of a new isometric hand dynamometer. Sports Eng. 2001; 4: 147-152.
  16. Savva C, Giakas G, Efstathiou M, Karagiannis C. Test-retest reliability of handgrip strength measurement using a hydraulic hand dynamometer in patients with cervical radiculopathy. J Manipulative PhysiolTher. 2014; 37: 206-210.
  17. Marion R, Niebuhr B. Effect of warm-up prior to maximal grip contractions. J Hand Ther. 1992: 143?6.
  18. MacDermid J, Alyafi T, Richards R, Roth J. Test?retest reliability of isometric grip strength and endurance grip tests performed on the Jamar and NK devices. Physiother Can. 2001; 53(1): 48?54.
  19. Innes E. Handgrip strength testing: a review of the literature. AustOccupTher J.1999; 46: 120?40.
  20. Walter D, Elisaziw M, Donner A. Sample size and optimal designs for reliability studies. Star Med. 1998; 17(1):101-110.
  21. Chinn S. Repeatability and method comparison. Thorax. 1991; 46: 454-456.

[Paramasivan Mani, Kiruthigadevi Sethupathy And Amal K Francis. (2019); TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY OF ELECTRONIC HAND DYNAMOMETER IN HEALTHY ADULTS. Int. J. of Adv. Res. 7 (May). 325-331] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com


Dr.Paramasivan Mani
King Saud Bin abdulaziz university of health sciences

DOI:


Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/9042      
DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/9042