14Dec 2018

DETECTION OF HUMAN PAPILLOMMA VIRUS AND EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS IN SUBJECTS OF ORAL LEUKOPLAKIA BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION(PCR).

  • Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Principal, DA Pandu Memorial RV Dental College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo

  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • Cite This Article as
  • Corresponding Author

Viruses such as HPV and EBV have been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of oral precancer and cancer, however the association is inconclusive. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the incidence of HPV and EBV in subjects with oral leukoplakia. The association of HPV and EBV with age, clinical form of leukoplakia and dysplasia was also evaluated. Methodology:-A total of 50 subjects with leukoplakia(clinically and histopathologically confirmed) and 50 age and gender matched individuals were included in the study. Tissue specimens from all the subjects were subjected to PCR analysis for detection of HPV and EBV. Results:-The expression of HPV and EBV was higher in the leukoplakia group as compared to controls and this difference was statistically significant with respect to HPV(p value - 0.03), but not with respect to EBV (p value :0.12). There was no significant association between HPV and EBV with respect to clinical forms of leukoplakia and dysplasia. The expression of EBV was significantly higher in subjects over 56 years as compared to the other age groups (p value : 0 .03). Conclusion:-Although, a significant difference in the incidence of HPV was noted between subjects with OL and controls, further evaluation of the expression of E6 and E7 oncoproteins would provide confirmatory evidence on the role of HPV in leukoplakia. It may be inferred that EBV has limited role in the etiology of leukoplakia. Further studies would give better clarity on the role of EBV in leukoplakia.

  1. Feller L, Lemmer J (2012): Oral leukoplakia as it relates to HPV infection: A review. Int J Dent;doi 10.1155/2012/540561:1-7
  2. Belobrov S, Cornall AM, Young RJ, Koo K, Angel C, Wiesenfeld D, Rischin D, Garland SM, McCullough M (2018): The role of human papillomavirus in p16‐positive oral cancers. J Oral Pathol Med;47(1):18-24.
  3. Kreimer AR, Clifford GM, Boyle P, Franceschi S (2005): Human papillomavirus types in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas worldwide: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev;14(2):467-75.
  4. Acharya S, Ekalaksananan T, Vatanasapt P, Loyha K, Phusingha P, Promthet S, Kongyingyoes B, Pientong C(2015): Association of Epstein‐Barr virus infection with oral squamous cell carcinoma in a case?control study. J Oral Pathol Med;44(4):252-7.
  5. She Y, Nong X, Zhang M, Wang M (2017): Epstein-Barr virus infection and oral squamous cell carcinoma risk: a meta-analysis. PloS one;12(10):e0186860.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186860. eCollection 2017
  6. Liu W, Shi LJ, Wu L, Feng JQ, Yang X, Li J, Zhou ZT, Zhang CP(2012):Oral cancerdevelopment in patients with leukoplakia-clinicopathologicalfactorsaffectingoutcome. PLoS One.; 7(4):e34773. doi:1371/journal.pone.0034773. Epub 2012 Apr 13.
  7. Gupta PC, Mehta FS, Daftary DK, et al (1980): Incidence ratesof oral cancer and natural history of oral precancerous lesions in a 10-year follow-up study of Indian villagers. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol; 8: 287?333.
  8. Ba?no? czy J, Suga? r L(1972): Longitudinal studies in oral leukoplakias. J Oral Pathol; 1: 265?72.
  9. Petti S(2003): Pooled estimate of world leukoplakia prevalence: a systematic review. Oral Oncol; 39: 770?80.
  10. Fan JH, Wang JB, Qu CX, Zhang YQ, Taylor PR, Abnet CC, Dawsey SM, Qiao YL (2014):Association between oralleukoplakia and uppergastrointestinalcancers: a 28-yearfollow-upstudy in the LinxianGeneralPopulationTrial. Oral; 50(10):971-75.
  11. Lee JJ, Hung HC, Cheng SJ, Chen YJ, Chiang CP, Liu BY(2006):Carcinoma and dysplasia in oralleukoplakias in Taiwan: prevalence and riskfactors. OralSurgOral Med OralPatholOral;101(4):472-80.
  12. ReichartPA(2000): Oral mucosal lesions in a representative cross-sectional study of aging Germans. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol.; 28: 390?98.
  13. Waldron CA, Shafer WG(1975): Leukoplakia revisited. A clinicopathologic study of 3256 oral leukoplakias. Cancer; 36: 1386?92.
  14. Mehta FS, Pindborg JJ, Gupta PC, DaftaryDK(1969): Epidemiologic and histologic study of oral cancer and leukoplakia among 50,915 villagers in India. Cancer; 24: 832?49.
  15. Maia HC, Pinto NA, Pereira Jdos S, de Medeiros AM, da Silveira ?J, Miguel MC(2016):Potentiallymalignantorallesions: clinicopathologicalcorrelations. Einstein (Sao Paulo).;14(1):35-40.
  16. Ba?no? czy J, Suga? r L(1972): Longitudinal studies in oral leukoplakias. J Oral Pathol; 1: 265?72.
  17. Ikeda N, Ishii T, Iida S, Kawai T(1991): Epidemiological study of oral leukoplakia based on mass screening for oral mucosal diseases in a selected Japanese population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol;19:160?63
  18. Lind PO(1987): Malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia. Scand J Dent Res; 95: 449?55.
  19. Lee JJ, Hung HC, Cheng SJ, Chen YJ, Chiang CP, Liu BY(2006): Carcinoma and dysplasia in oralleukoplakias in Taiwan: prevalence and riskfactors. OralSurgOral Med OralPatholOral; 101(4):472-80.
  20. Bouquot JE, GorlinRJ(1986):Leukoplakia, lichen planus, and other oral keratoses in 23,616 white Americans over the age of 35 years. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol; 61: 373?81.
  21. Gupta S, Gupta S(2015): Role of human papillomavirus in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders: A review of the literature. Indian J Dent;6(2):91
  22. Saghravanian N, Ghazvini K, Babakoohi S, Firooz A, MohtashamN(2011):Low prevalence of high risk genotypes of human papilloma virus in normal oral mucosa, oral leukoplakia and verrucous carcinoma. ActaOdontol Scand;69(6):406-9.
  23. Llamas-Martinez S, Esparza-Gomez G, Campo-Trapero J, Cancela-Rodriguez P, Bascones-Martinez A, Moreno-L?pez la, Garc?a-n??ez J, Cerero-LapiedraR(2008):Genotypic determination by PCR-RFLP of human papillomavirus in normal oral mucosa, oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma samples in Madrid (Spain). Anticancer Res;28(6A):3733-41
  24. Bhosale PG, Pandey M, Desai RS, Patil A, Kane S, Prabhash K, MahimkarMB(2016): Low prevalence of transcriptionally active human papilloma virus in Indian patients with HNSCC and leukoplakia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol;122(5):609-18.
  25. Mathew A, Mody RN, Patait M, Razooki A, Varghese N, SarafK(2011): Prevalence and relationship of human papilloma virus type 16 and type 18 with oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia in fresh scrappings: a PCR study. Indian J Med Sci;65(5).
  26. Khanna R, Rao GR, Tiwary SK, et al(2009): Detection of human papilloma virus 16 and 18 DNA sequences by southern blot hybridization in oral leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma. Indian J Surg; 71: 69-72.
  27. Prakash P, Khandare M, Kumar M, et al(2013): Immunohistochemical Detection of p16(INK4a) in Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J ClinDiagn Res; 7: 2793-2795.
  28. Kis A, Feh?r E, G?ll T, Tar I, Boda R, T?th ED, M?hes G, Gergely L, Szarka K(2009): Epstein?Barr virus prevalence in oral squamous cell cancer and in potentially malignant oral disorders in an eastern Hungarian population. Eur J Oral Sci;117(5):536-40.
  29. D'costa J, Saranath D, Sanghvi V, Mehta AR(1998):Epstein‐Barr virus in tobacco‐induced oral cancers and oral lesions in patients from India. J Oral Pathol Med;27(2):78-82.
  30. Chen X, Zhao Y(2017):Human papillomavirus infection in oral potentially malignant disorders and cancer. Arch Oral Biol;83:334-9
  31. Taberna M, Mena M, Pav?n MA, Alemany L, Gillison ML, Mes?a R(2017): Human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancer. Ann Oncol;28(10):2386-98.

[Asha R Iyengar, Seema Patil, Subash BV, Revan Joshi, Meghna Gohain, Vani And Megha DB. (2018); DETECTION OF HUMAN PAPILLOMMA VIRUS AND EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS IN SUBJECTS OF ORAL LEUKOPLAKIA BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION(PCR). Int. J. of Adv. Res. 6 (Dec). 741-748] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com

Dr. Meghna Gohain
Rajiv Gandhi University of Heath Sciences

DOI:

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/8194      
DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/8194

Download Full Paper

Download PDF No. of Downloads: 18 | No. of Views: 91