08Aug 2018

SPECTRUM OF KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT DISEASES IN KASHMIRI CHILDREN

  • Assistant Professor, Professor and Head;Department of Pediatrics, Govt. Medical College, Srinagar.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo

  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • Cite This Article as
  • Corresponding Author

Introduction: Spectrum of renal disease varies in different ethnic population, geographical location, and by environmental factors. This variation is influenced by factors such as genetic predisposition, environmental background, and to a large extent the level of awareness. The causes are different in developing countries as compared to developed ones. Aim: The present study a retrospective analysis, forms oneof the basic data of paediatric nephrology and urology related disorders in our state. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of the caserecords of all the hospitalized patients with renal and urinary tract diseases between 2016 and 2017 were performed. Case records were analysed and categorized into various groups like; Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN), Nephrotic Syndrome (NS), haematuria, Polycystic Kidney Disease (PCKD), Posterior Urethral Valve (PUV), Vesicoureteric Reflux (VUR), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and Urinary Iract (CAKUT) and others. These groups were divided into subgroups to get more insight about the pattern of these diseases. Results: Out of 11245 patients hospitalized between 2016 and 2017 years, 180 (94 males and 86 females) patients were diagnosed of renal and urinary tract diseases which forms 1.6% the total admitted patients. Among these patients 36.1% (65/180) were diagnosed Acute Kidney Injury (AKI); 25.5% (46/180): Urinary Tract Infection (UTI); 10.0% (18/180): Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN); 6.6% (12/180): bilateral hydronephrosis with UTI; 6.6% (12/180): nephrotic syndrome (NS); 4.4% (8/180): haematuria; and 3.2% (6/180) were having CAKUT (Congenital Anomalies Of Kidney And Urinary Tract). In addition to this there were 11 cases of Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA), 1 case of Barter syndrome and 1 case of Liddle syndrome. Conclusion: The early detection of renal diseases in childhood leads to better therapy and reduction in the morbidity and mortality. Emphasis should therefore be placed on preventive nephrology. Effective referral systems, training of pediatric nephrologists and improved health care financing are advocated.

  1. Hamed RM. The spectrum of chronic renal failure among Jordanian children. J Nephrol 2002; 15: 130-5.
  2. Okoro BA, Okafor HU. Pattern of childhood renal disorders in Enugu. Niger J Paediatr 1999; 26: 14-8.
  3. Adedoyin OT, Gbele HO, Adeniyi A. Childhood nephritic syndrome in Ilorin. Niger J Paediatr 2001; 28: 68-72.
  4. Sadeghi E. Spectrum of pediatric diseases in South Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J 1997; 103: 519-29.
  5. Michael IO, Gabriel OE. Pattern of renal diseases in children in Midwestern zone of Nigeria. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2003; 14: 539-44.
  6. Malla T, Malla KK, Thapalial A, Sharma MS. An overview of renal disease in children in Pokhara. J Nepal PaediatrSoc 2007; 27: 75-8.
  7. Parakh P, Bhatta NK, Mishra OP, et al. Urinary screening for detection of renal abnormalities in asymptomatic school children. Nephrourol Mon 2012; 4: 551-5.
  8. White A, Wong W, Sureshkumur P, Singh G. The burden of kidney disease in indigenous children of Australia and New Zealand, epide?miology, antecedent factors and progression to chronic kidney disease. J Paediatr Child Health 2009; 46: 504-9.
  9. Minnick ML, Boynton S, Ndiranqu J, Furth S. Sex, race and socioeconomic disparities in kidney disease in children. SeminNephrol 2010; 30: 26-32.
  10. Lewis MA. Shaw J, Sinha MD, et al. UK Renal Registry 12th Annual report (December 2009): Chapter 14: Demography of the UK pediatric renal replacement therapy population in 2008. Nephron ClinPract 2010; 115 Suppl 1: 279-88.
  11. Harambat J, van Stralen KJ, Kim JJ, Tizard EJ. Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in children. PediatrNephrol 2012; 27: 363-73.
  12. Cochat C, Mourani C, Exantus J, et al. Pediatric nephrology in developing countries. Med Trop (Mars) 2009; 69: 543-7.
  13. Abdurrahman MB, Babaoye FA, Aikhionbare HA. Childhood renal disorders in Nigeria. PediatrNephrol 1990; 4: 88-93.
  14. Okoro BA, Okafor HU. Pattern of childhood renal disorders in Enugu. Niger J Paediatr 1999; 26: 14-8.
  15. Etuk IS, Anah MU, Ochighs SO, Eyong M. Pattern of pediatric renal disease in inpatients in Calabar, Nigeria. Trop Doct 2006; 36: 256.
  16. Etuk IS, Anah MU, Ochighs SO, Eyong M. Pattern of pediatric renal disease in inpatients in Calabar, Nigeria. Trop Doct 2006; 36: 256.
  17. Onifade EU. A 10-year Review of Childhood Renal Admissions into the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Nig Q J Hosp Med 2003;13:3-4.
  18. Ikuerowo SO, Balogun BO, Akintomide TE, et al. Clinical and radiological characteristics of Nigerian boys with posterior urethral valves. PediatrSurgInt 2008; 24: 825-9.
  19. Michael IO, Gabriel OE. Pattern of Renal Diseases in Children in Midwestern zone of Nigeria. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transplant 2003; 14: 539-44.
  20. Ocheke IE, Okolo SN, Bode-Thomas F. Pattern of Childhood Renal Diseases in Jos, Nigeria: A Pleminary Report. J Med Trop 2010; 12: 52-5.
  21. Eke FU, Eke NN. Renal disorders in children: A Nigerian study. PediatrNephrol 1994; 8: 383-6.
  22. Ray PE. Taking a hard look at the pathogenesis of childhood HIV- associated nephropathy. PediatrNephrol 2009; 24: 2109-19.
  23. National Kidney Foundation. Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative Clinical Guidelines For Chronic Disease: Evaluation, Classification And Stratification, Part IV Definition And Classification Of Stages Of Chronic Kidney Disease. Am JKidney Dis. 2002; 39: S46.
  24. Onifade EU. A 10-year Review of Childhood Renal Admissions into the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Nig Q J Hosp Med. 2003; 13: 3-4.
  25. Michael IO, Gabriel OE. Pattern of Renal Diseases in Children in Midwestern zone of Nigeria. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transplant. 2003;14:539-44.
  26. Ladapo TA1, Esezobor CI, Lesi FE. Paediatric kidney diseases in an African country: prevalence, spectrum and outcome. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2014; 25: 1110-16.
  27. Okoro BA, Okafor HU. Pattern of childhood renal disorders in Enugu. Niger JPaediatr. 1999; 26: 14-18.
  28. Iqbal J, Rehman MA, Khan MA. Pattern of renal disease in children. J Pak MedAssoc. 1994; 44: 118-20.
  29. Ashraf M, Shahzad N, Irshad M, Hussain SQ, Ahmed P. Paediatric acute kidney injury: A syndrome under paradigm shift. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2014; 18: 518-26.
  30. Madani K, Otoukesh H, Rastegar A, Van Why S. Chroinc renal failure in Iranian children. 2001; 16: 140-44.
  31. Derakhshan A, Al Hashemi GH, Fallahzadeh MH. Spectrum of In-patient Renal Diseases in Children: A Report from Southern part Islamic Republic of Iran. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2004; 15: 12-17.
  32. Zhong Y, Shen Y, Feld LG. Changing pattern of glomerular diseases at Beijing children hospital. 1994; 33(9): 542-47.
  33. Barrat TM, Greifer I. Paediatric nephrology around the world. In: Barrat TM, Anver ED, Harman WE, eds. Paediatric Nephrology, 4th ed. Pennsylvania: Awolters Co. 1999; 1364-65.

[ Virender Kumar AND Kaisar Ahmad (2018); SPECTRUM OF KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT DISEASES IN KASHMIRI CHILDREN Int. J. of Adv. Res. 6 (Aug). 68-72] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com

Dr. Virender Kumar
Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Govt. Medical College, Srinagar

DOI:

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/7490      
DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/7490

Download Full Paper

Download PDF No. of Downloads: 16 | No. of Views: 63