04Feb 2018

PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CHROZOPHORA TINCTORIA AND ARISTOLOCHIA BRACTEOLATA YEMENI PLANTS USED IN FOLK MEDICINE.

  • Biochemical Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, P.O. Box 87246, Thamar, Yemen.
  • Department of Medical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hodeidah University, Al Hudaydah, Yemen.
  • Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo

Plum Print visual indicator of research metrics
  • Captures
    • Readers: 8
see details

  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • Cite This Article as
  • Corresponding Author

The research on medicinal plants is gradually gaining popularity due to millions of people depending on the use of different parts of these materials for various ailments. The present study aims to screen and study two selected Yemeni medicinal plants Chrozophora tinctoria L. and Aristolochia bracteolata L. for their phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activity against two resistant bacterial pathogens Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the disc diffusion method. The solvents used for the extraction of plant leaves, stem and fruits were 90% methanol and absolute methanol. The phytochemical constituents of various parts of these plants were investigated using standard methods of phytochemical screening. Qualitative screening revealed that tannins, phenols, flavonoids glycosides and anthroquinones were present in all the parts of the plants, whereas triterpinoids, steroids, volatile oils and cardiac glycosides were absent in all parts of the C. tinctoria. On the other hand, saponins were absent in all the parts of the A. bracteolata, while alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids were present only in some parts of the C. tinctoria. The antibacterial activity revealed that the leaves and stem 90% methanolic extract of C. tinctoria gave the widest zone of inhibition against the Staph. aureus but no inhibition was observed against Ps. aeruginosa, while methanol extract of A. bracteolata did not show any activity against Staph. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa.

  1. Mothana RA, Abdo SA, Hasson S et al. Antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and phytochemical screening of some yemeni medicinal plants. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med. 2010; 7: 323-330
  2. Edeoga H, Okwu D, Mbaebie B. Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants. Afr J Biotechnol 2005; 4: 685-688
  3. Mann J. Secondary Metabolism. London: Oxford University press; 1978
  4. Srivastava J, Lambert J, Vietmeyer N. Medicinal plants: An expanding role in development: World Bank Publications; 1996
  5. Baloch M, Ranjbar R. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effects of Three Medicinal Plants in South of Iran against the Staphylococcus Aureus, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Escherichia Coli. Res Rev J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 3: 32-37
  6. Al-Snafi AE. the chemical constituents and pharmacological importance of Chrozophora tinctoria. Int J Pharm Rev Res 2015; 5: 391-396
  7. Boulos L. Flora of Egypt. Al Hadara Publishing: Cairo; 2000
  8. Delazar A, Talischi B, Nazemiyeh H et al. Chrozophorin: a new acylated flavone glucoside from Chrozophora tinctoria (Euphorbiaceae). Rev Bras Farmacogn 2006; 16: 286-290
  9. Qureshi R, Maqsood M, Arshad CA et al. Ethnomedicinal uses of plants by the people of Kadhi areas of Khushab, Punjab, Pakistan. Pak J Bot 2011; 43: 121-133
  10. Dastagir G, Hussain F, Khan AA. Antibacterial activity of some selected plants of family Zygophyllaceae and Euphorbiaceae. J Med Plants Res 2012; 6: 5360-5368.
  11. Rezazadeh H, Nazemieh H, Delazar A et al. The Inhibitory Effects of Chrozophora tinctoria Extract on Benzoyl peroxide-promoted skin carcinogenesis. Pharmaceutical Sciences 2006: 39-42
  12. Saleh T, Al-Jboori W, Al-Muhammadi A. Effect of Turnsoles Chrozophora tinctoria L. Extracts on Some Pathological Bacteria Types. Al-Anbar J Agric Sci 2009; 7:
  13. Hashim O, Abou-Zaid M, Abdel-Galil F et al. The flavonoids of Egyptian Chrozophora species. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 1990; 18: 151-152
  14. Mohamed KM, Ohtani K, Kasai R et al. Dolabellane diterpene glucosides from Chrozophora obliqua. Phytochemistry 1994; 37: 495-500
  15. Mohamed KM. Phenylpropanoid glucosides from Chrozophora obliqua. Phytochemistry 2001; 58: 615-618
  16. Marzouk MM, Hussein SR, Kassem ME et al. Phytochemical constituents and chemosystematic significance of Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) Raf. Nat prod Res 2015; 30: 1537-1541
  17. Al-Dubai AS, Al-Khulaidi AA. Medical and Aromatic Plants of Yemen (in arabic). Sana?a, Yemen: Obadi Center for Studies and Publishing; 1996
  18. Angalaparameswari S, Saleem TM, Alagusundaram M et al. Anti-microbial activity of aristolochic acid from root of Aristolochia bracteata Retz. Inter. J. Bio. Life Sci 2012; 8: 2-4
  19. Barakat S, Wasfi I, Adam S. The toxicity of Aristolochia bracteata in goats. Vet. Pathol. 1983; 20: 611-616
  20. Kavitha D, Nirmaladevi R. Assessment of Aristolochia bracteolata leaf extracts for its biotherapeutic potential. Afr J Biotechnol 2009; 8: 4242-4244
  21. Badami S, Jose CK, Dongre SKH. In vitro antioxidant activity of various extracts of Aristolochia bracteolata leaves. Orient. Pharm. Exp. Med. 2005; 5: 316-321
  22. Chitme HR, Malipatil M, Chandrashekhar V et al. Antiallergic activity of Aristolochia bracteolata Lank in animal model. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 2010; 48: 46-52
  23. Kalpana Devi.B, Kanimozhi.S, Suganyadevi. P. Phytochemical screening and biological property of Aristolochia bracteata. J. Pharm. Res. 2011; 4: 1509-1514
  24. Ashokkumar P, Kanimozhi M. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity from five Indian medicinal plants against human pathogens. Middle East J Sci Res 2010; 5: 477-482
  25. Abdelgadir AA, Ahmed EM, Eltohami MS. Isolation, characterization and quantity determination of aristolochic acids, toxic compounds in Aristolochia bracteolata L. Environ Health Insights 2011; 5: 1
  26. Trease GE, Evans WC. Pharmacognosy, 11th ed. London, UK: Bailliers Tindal; 1989
  27. Harborne JB. Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis: Chapman and Hall: London, UK; 1983
  28. Jorgensen JH, Pfaller MA, Carroll KC et al. Manual of Clinical Microbiology, Eleventh Edition: American Society of Microbiology, USA; 2015
  29. Cavalieri SJ, Harbeck RJ, McCarter YS et al. Manual of antimicrobial susceptibility testing. In. Washington, DC. USA.: American Society for Microbiology; 2005
  30. EUCAST. European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Disk Diffusion? Method for Antimicrobial? Susceptibility? Testing, Version 6.0 Available from: . In: http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Disk_test_documents/Version_5/Manual_v_6.0_EUCAST_Disk_Test_final.pdf; 2017
  31. Şahin F, G?ll?ce M, Daferera D et al. Biological activities of the essential oils and methanol extract of Origanum vulgare ssp. vulgare in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Food control 2004; 15: 549-557
  32. Geetha TS, Geetha N. Phytochemical screening, quantitative analysis of primary and secondary metabolites of Cymbopogan citratus (DC) stapf. Leaves from Kodaikanal hills, Tamilnadu. Int J Pharmtech Res 2014; 6: 521-529
  33. Aynehchi Y, Salehi Sormaghi MH, Amin GH et al. Survey of Iranian Plants for Saponins, Alkaloids, Flavonoids and Tannins. I. Q J Crude Drug Re 1981; 19: 53-63 DOI: 10.3109/13880208109070576
  34. Begum HA, Hamayun M, Zaman K et al. Phytochemical evaluation of ethnobotanically selected medicinal plants of Mardan, Pakistan. J. Adv. Bot. Zool 2015; 3: 1-5
  35. Periyasamy A, Rajkumar, Mahalingam K. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity from five Indian medicinal plants against human pathogens. Middle East J Sci Res 2010; 5: 477-482
  36. Gbadamosi I. Evaluation of antibacterial activity of six ethnobotanicals used in the treatment of infectious diseases in Nigeria. Bot Res Inter 2012; 5: 83-89
  37. Mir MA, Sawhney S, Jassal M. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemicals of Taraxacum officinale. Wudpecker Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2013; 2: 01-05
  38. Cook N, Samman S. Flavonoids?chemistry, metabolism, cardioprotective effects, and dietary sources. J Nutr Biochem 1996; 7: 66-76
  39. Abioye EO, Akinpelu DA, Aiyegoro OA et al. Preliminary phytochemical screening and antibacterial properties of crude stem bark extracts and fractions of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.). Molecules 2013; 18: 8485-8499
  40. Just MJ, Recio MC, Giner RM et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of unusual lupane saponins from Bupleurum fruticescens. Planta Med. 1998; 64: 404-407
  41. Mithraja MJ, Marimuthu J, Mahesh M et al. Inter?specific variation studies on the phyto?constituents of Christella and Adiantum using phytochemical methods. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012; 2: S40-S45
  42. Marimuthu J, Aparna JS, Jeeva S et al. Preliminary phytochemical studies on the methanolic flower extracts of some selected medicinal plants from India. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012; 2: S79-S82
  43. Gowri SS, Vasantha K. Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Syzygium cumini (L.)(Myrtaceae) leaves extracts. Int J Pharm Tech Res 2010; 2: 1569-1573
  44. Vaghasiya Y, Chanda S. Screening of methanol and acetone extracts of fourteen Indian medicinal plants for antimicrobial activity. Turk. J. Biol. 2007; 31: 243-248.

[Nabil Ali Al-Mekhlafi, Omar Saeed Ali Alsalahi, Jameel M Abduljalil and Anwar Masoud. (2018); PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CHROZOPHORA TINCTORIA AND ARISTOLOCHIA BRACTEOLATA YEMENI PLANTS USED IN FOLK MEDICINE. Int. J. of Adv. Res. 6 (Feb). 390-396] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com

Nabil Ali Al-Mekhlafi
Biochemical Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, P.O. Box 87246, Thamar, Yemen

DOI:

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/6450      
DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/6450

Download Full Paper

Download PDF No. of Downloads: 58 | No. of Views: 247