15Jun 2017

ADDITIVE MAIN EFFECTS AND MULTIPLICATIVE INTERACTIONS ANALYSIS OF YIELD PERFORMANCES IN COWPEA GENOTYPES UNDER UGANDAN ENVIRONMENTS.

  • Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
  • Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 526, Cotonou, Benin.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • Cite This Article as
  • Corresponding Author

Yield in legumes is the result of many plant processes, which are usually expressed in yield and have been shown to be affected by management, genotype and environment. The objectives of this study were to assess the extent of genotype x environment interaction and to select the stable cowpea genotypes in Ugandan environments over seasons. Seventy-two cowpea genotypes were evaluated for yield in three locations and two seasons in Uganda. The yield data were subjected to analysis of variance and additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) analysis. The results showed a highly significant (P<0.001) genotype by location and by year (season) interaction effects for grain yield, with 69.16% of the total variation attributable to environmental effects, 5.36% to genotypic effects and 12.74% to G x E interactions effects. Genotype MU9 had the highest yield (854.68 kgha-1) but was only adapted to specific environments (Arua 2015B and 2016A). Hence, genotypes WC 30, NE 45, NE 31, NE 51 which were equally high yielding, stable and adapted to the tested environments, and should be recommended for genetic improvement of cowpea germplasm in Uganda.

  1. Abudulai, M., Salifu, A.B. and Haruna, M. (2006): Screening of cowpea for resistance to the flower bud thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Appl. Sci., 6:1621-1624.
  2. Afiukwa, C.A., Ubi, B.E., Kunert, K.J., Titus, E.J. and Akusu, J.O. (2013): Seed Protein Content Variation in Cowpea Genotypes. J. Agric. Sci., 1: 094-099.
  3. Agoyi, E.E., Odong, T.L., Tumuhairwe, J.B., Chigeza, G., Diers, B.W. and Tukamuhabwa, P. (2017): Genotype by environment effects on promiscuous nodulation in soybean (Glycine max Merrill). Agric. Food Secur., (2017) 6:29. doi 10.1186/s40066-017-0107-7.
  4. Anandan, A., Eswaran, R., Sabesan, T. and Prakash, M. (2009): Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interactions Analysis of Yield Performances in Rice genotypes under Costal Saline Environments. Advance in Biological Research, 3 (2): 43-47.
  5. Asio, M.T., Osiru, D.S.O. and Adipala, E. (2005): Multilocational Evaluation of Selected Local and Improved Cowpea Lines in Uganda. Crop Sci. J., 13 (4): 239-247.
  6. Bisikwa, J., Kawooya. R., Ssebuliba, J.M., Ddungu, S.P., Biruma, M. and Okello, D.K. (2014): Effects of Plant Density on the Performance of Local and Elite Cowpea Varieties in Eastern Uganda. J. Appl. Agric. Sci. Tech., 1: 28-41.
  7. Boukar, O., Fatokun, C. A., LamHuynh, B., Roberts, P.A. and Close, T.J. (2016): Genomic tools in cowpea breeding programs: status and perspectives. Plant Sci., 7: 757. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00757.
  8. Crossa, J., Gauch, H.G.J. and Zobel, R.W. (1990): Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis of Two International Maize Cultivar Trials. Crop Science, 30: 493-500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1990.0011183X003000030003x.
  9. Ddamulira, G., Santos, C.A.F., Obuo, P., Alanyo, M. and Lwanga, C. K. (2015): Grain Yield and Protein Content of Brazilian Cowpea Genotypes under Diverse Ugandan Environments. J. Plant Sc., 6: 2074-2084. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.613208.
  10. Directorate Agricultural Information Services (DAIS) (2011): Production Guidelines for Cowpea. www.daff.gov.za.
  11. Dungu, S.P., Ekere, W., Bisikwa, J., Kawooya, R., Kalule, O. and Biruma, M. (2015): Marketing and Market Integration of Cowpea in Uganda. Dev. Agric. Econ., 7: 1-11.
  12. Ecocrop (2009): Ecocrop database, FAO. http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/home.
  13. Faisal, E.A. and Abdel, S.H.S. (2010): Effect of Water Stress Applied at Different Stages of Growth on Seed Yield and Stages of Growth on Seed Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Cowpea. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 1: 534-540.
  14. FAO (2013): Food and Agricultural Organization Production Statistics for 2012 [Internet]. Available from: http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx.
  15. FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations) (2013): Statistics Division. http://faostat3.fao.org/faostat-gateway/go/to/download/Q/QC/E.
  16. Fungo, B., Grunwald, S., Tenywa, M.M., Vanlauwe, B. and Nkedi-Kizza, P. (2011): Lunnyu soils in the Lake Victoria basin of Uganda: Link to toposequence and soil type. J. Environ. Sci. Techno., 5(1): 15 ? 24.
  17. Gauch, H.G. and Zobel, R.W. (1996): AMMI analysis of yield trials. In Kang, M.S. and Gauch, H.G. (eds): Genotype by environment interaction. Boca Raton: CRC Press, pp. 85-122.
  18. Gonclaves, P., Bartoletto, N., Martins, R. and Gallo, P. (2003): Genotype-environment interaction and genotypic stability for girth growth and rubber yield of Hevea clones in Sao Paula State, Brazil. Mol. Biol., 26: 441-448.
  19. Idahosa, D.O., Alika, J.E. and Omoregie, A.U. (2010): Genetic variability, heritability and expected genetic advance as indices for yield and yield components selection in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata Walp). Acad. Arena., 2: 22-26.
  20. Karungi, J., Adipala, E., Ogenga-Latigo, M.W., Kyamanywa, S. and Oyobo, N. (2000a): Pest management in cowpea. Part 1. Influence of planting time and plant density on cowpea field pests infestation in eastern Uganda. Crop Protection, 19: 231-236.
  21. Kaya, Y., Palta, C. and Taner, S. (2002): Additive main effects and multiplicative interactions analysis of yield performances in bred wheat genotypes across environments. Turk J. Agric. For., 26, 894-900.
  22. Manggoel, W., Uguru, M.I., Ndam, O.N. and Dasbak, M.A. (2012): Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis of some yield components of ten cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) accessions. Plant Breed. Crop Sci., 4: 80-86.
  23. Nwofia, G.E. (2012): Yield and yield components in vegetable cowpea on an ultisol. J. Agric. Res., 7: 4097-4103.
  24. Nwosu, D.J., Olatunbosun, B.D. and Adetiloye, I.S. (2013): Genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance in cowpea genotypes in two agro-ecological environments. Greener J. Biol. Sci., 3: 202-207.
  25. Olawale, M.A. and Bukola, O.M. (2016): Phenotypic Analysis of Seed Yield and Yield Components in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L., Walp). Plant Breed. Biotech., 4(2):252-261.
  26. Payne, R.W. (2009): The Guide to Genstat: Release 12, Part 2, Statistics. Lawes Agricultural Trust, Rothamsted, Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts, UK.
  27. Ronner, E. and Giller, K.E. (2012): Back Ground Information on Agronomy, Farming Systems and On-Going Projects on Grain Legumes in Uganda, Pp. 17-18. N2Africa.org.
  28. Santos, C.A.F., Campos da Costa, D.C., Roberto da Silva, W and Boiteux L.S. (2012): Genetic analysis of total seed protein content in two cowpea crosses. Crop Sci., 52: 2501-2506.
  29. Smith, A.B., Cullis, B.R. and Thompson, R. (2005): The analysis of crop cultivar breeding and evaluation trials: an overview of current mixed model approaches. Agric. Sci., (6): 449-462.
  30. Sserumaga, J.P., Oikeh, S.O., Mugo, S., Otim, G.A.M., Beyene, Y., Abalo, G. and Kikafunda, J. (2015): Genotype by environment interactions and agronomic performance of doubled haploids testcross maize (Zea mays ) hybrids. Euphytica, 3:1-15. doi 10.1007/s10681-015-1549-2.
  31. Tarakanovas, P. and Rugzas, V. (2006): Additive main effect multiplication interaction analysis of grain yield of wheat varieties in Lithuania. Agronomy Research, (1): 91-98.
  32. Zobel, R.W., Wright, M.J. and Gauch, H.G. (1988): Statistical analysis of yield trials. J., 80:338-393.

[Agbahoungba Symphorien, Karungi Jeninah, Talwana Herbert1, Badji Arfang, Kumi Frank, Mwila Natasha, Edema Richard, Gibson Paul and Rubaihayo Patrick. (2017); ADDITIVE MAIN EFFECTS AND MULTIPLICATIVE INTERACTIONS ANALYSIS OF YIELD PERFORMANCES IN COWPEA GENOTYPES UNDER UGANDAN ENVIRONMENTS. Int. J. of Adv. Res. 5 (Jun). 349-360] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com

Agbahoungba Symphorien
Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.

DOI:

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/4419      
DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/4419

Download Full Paper

Download PDF No. of Downloads: 32 | No. of Views: 131