31Jan 2017

GROWTH AND YIELD OF UPLAND RICE WITH THE ADDITION OF COMPOST FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES AND FUNGI MYCORRHIZAL.

  • Agroecotechnology Deparment, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara. Jalan Prof.A. Sofyan. No3 Kampus USU Padang Bulan- Medan.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo

  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • Cite This Article as
  • Corresponding Author

The study was conducted in Cengkeh Turi Binjai with a soil pH of 4.2. The source of mycorrhizal inoculation using mycofer from The Forest of Inter-University Center of Bogor Agricultural Institute, with mycorrhizal contents (Gigaspora margarita, Glomus manihotis, Glomus etunicatum, and Acaulospora tuberculata). Planting was conducted in January-May 2014. The upland rice variety used as the indicator plant was Situ Bagendit. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor is a mycorrhizal inoculation consisting of two levels, i.e. without giving mycofer and by giving 5 g of mycofer per planting hole. The second factor was giving oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) composts in 3 levels: 0, 3,375 g, 6,750 g/plot. The result of the research showed that (i) the dose of OPEFB composting of 3,375 g per planting hole can increase the number of productive tillers and panicles; and (ii) the addition of OPEFB compost (3,375 g/planting hole) and mycorrhizal inoculation (5 g mycofer/planting hole) can increase the number of filled grain of upland rice.

  1. Abdurachman, A, Dariah A, and Mulyani A. (2008): Strategi dan teknologi pengelolaan lahan kering mendukung pengadaan pangan nasional. Jurnal Litbang Pert 27(2): 43-49.
  2. Akinbile,C. O. (2010): Behavioural pattern of upland rice agronomic parameters to variable water supply in Nigeria. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science 2(4), pp. 073-080.
  3. Al-Karaki, G.N., and Clark, R. B. (1998): Growth, mineral acquisition, and water use by mycorrhizal wheat grown under water stress. J Plant Nutr 21:263–276
  4. Al-Karaki, Ghazi, B. McMichael and John Zak. (2004): Field response of wheat to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and drought stress. Mycorrhiza 14:263–269
  5. Allen, F. M. (2001): Modeling arbuscular mycorrhizal infection: is % infection an appropriate variable?. Mycorrhiza10:255–258
  6. Alloush,G. A., K. Zeto, andR. B. Clark. (2000): Phosphorus source, organic matter, and arbuscular mycorrhiza effects on growth and mineral acquisition of chickpea grown in acidic soil.Journal of Plant Nutrition,Volume 23, Issue 9, pp. 1351-1369.
  7. Augé, R. M. (2001): Water relations, drought and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.Mycorrhiza 11:3–42.
  8. Auge, R. M., Schekel, K.A., and Wample, R. L. (1987b): Leaf water and carbohydrate status of VA mycorrhizal rose exposed to drought stress. Plant Soil 99:291–302.
  9. Barea, J. M., Palenzuela, J., Cornejo, P., Sánchez-Castro, I., Navarro-Fernández, C., Lopéz-García, A., Estrada, B., Azcón, R., Ferrol, N., Azcón-Aguilar, C. (2011): Ecological and functional roles of mycorrhizas in semi-arid ecosystems of Southeast Spain. Journal of Arid Environments 75:1292–1301
  10. Biro Pusat Statistik. 2015: Provinsi Sumatera Utara dalam Angka 2014. Medan
  11. Carrenho, R. Sandra F., Botelho Trufem, Vera Lúcia Ramos Bononi,  and Eraldo Schunk Silva. (2007): The effect of different soil properties on arbuscular mycorrhizalcolonization of peanuts, sorghum and maize. Acta bot. bras. 21(3): 723-730.
  12. Davies, F. T. Jr, Potter, J. R., and Linderman R. G. (1992): Mycorrhiza and repeated drought exposure affect drought resistance and extraradical hyphae development on pepper plants independent of plant size and nutrient content. J Plant Physiol 139:289–294.
  13. Eastin, J.D. and Y. Sullivan (1984): “Environmental stress influences on plant persistence, physiology and production.”. In Physiological Basis of Crop Growth and Development, M.B. Tesar (Ed.) American Society of Agronomy. Madison. Pp. 201–236.
  14. European Environmental Agency (EEA) (2011): Global and European temperature (CSI 012/CLIM 001), Assessment May 2011. Copenhagen, http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/global-and-european temperature/global-and-european-temperature-assessment-4Accessed on 20 Aug 2012
  15. Feng Wang, Cheng Fang-min, Zhang Guo-ping. (2007): Difference in Grain Yield and Quality among Tillers in Rice Genotypes Differing in Tillering Capacity. Rice Science, 14(2): 135-140
  16. Hanum, Ch., Delvian and Tuban Wibisono. (2006): Laporan Penelitian Hibah Bersaing. Lembaga Penelitian USU.
  17. Hobbie, J. E. and Hobbie, E.(2006): 15N in symbiotic fungi and plants estimates nitrogen and carbon flux rates in arctic tundra. Ecology, 87: 816-822
  18. I Putu, W. and Sukawidana, I. M. (2011): Kondisi fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah pembibitan jambu mete akibat inokulasi mikoriza dan pupuk organik. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tabanan.
  19. IPCC (2007) IPCC Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. In: Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt K, Tignor MMB, Miller HL (eds) Working group 1 contribution to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC). Chapters 3 (observations: surface and atmospheric climate change), 10 (global climate projections), 11 (regional climate projections). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  20. Joner, E. J and Jakobsen, (1995): Growth and extracellular phosphatase activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae as in¯uenced by soil organic matter. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 27: 1153±1159.
  21. Kato, Y, Kamoshita, A., Yamagishi, J., and Abe, J. (2007): Growth of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars under Upland Conditions with Different Levels of Water Supply 3. Root System Development, Soil Moisture Change and Plant Water Status. Plant Prod Sci 10: 3-13.
  22. Matsumoto, S., Tsuboi, T., Asea, G., Maruyama, A., Kikuchi, M. (2014): Water Response of Upland Rice Varieties Adopted in Sub-Saharan. Africa: A Water Application Experiment. J Rice Res 2: 121. doi: 10.4172/jrr.1000121.
  23. McCauley, Ann, Clain Jones, and Jeff Jacobsen.(2009): Soil pH and Organic Matter. Montana State University-Bozeman, Bozeman, MT 59717; (406) 994-5132; E-mail - publications@montana.edu.
  24. Miller, B. C., Hill, J. E., and Roberts, S. R. (1991): Plant population effects on growth and yield in water-seeded rice. Agron J, 83: 291-297.
  25. Papademetriou, M. K. (2001): Issues and perspectives of rice production in Asia and the pacific Region: In Yield Gap and productivity Decline in Rice production consultation held in Rome 5-7: 39-67.
  26. Rahmalia,W., Yulistira, F., Ningrum,, Qurbaniah, M.,and Ismadi,­ M. (2006): Pemanfaatan potensi tandan kosong kelapa sawit (Elais guineensis Jacq) sebagai bahan dasar c-aktif untuk adsorpsi logam perak.
  27. Ruiz-Lozano, J. M. (2003): Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and alleviation of osmotic stress. Newperspectives for molecular studies. Mycorrhiza 13:309–317.
  28. Ruiz-Sánchez, M., Aroca, R., Muñoz, Y., Armada, E., Polón, R., Ruiz-Lozano, J. M. (2010): The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis enhances the photosynthetic efficiency and the antioxidative response of rice plants subjected to drought stress. J Plant Physiol 167:862–869.
  29. Russell, E. W. (1973): Soil Conditions and Plant Growth. Longman London
  30. Soemartono, Bahrin, Hardjono, and Iskandar.(1984): Bercocok Tanam Padi. CV. Yasaguna.
  31. Tan, K.H. and A. Binger. (1986): Effect of humic acid on aluminium toxicity in corn plant. Sci., 14(1): 20-25.
  32. Wangiyana, W., Zapril, L., and Sanisah.(2009): Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Padi Var. Ciherang Dengan Teknik Budidaya “SRI (System Of RiceIntensification)” Pada Berbagai Umur Dan Jumlah Bibit Per Lubang Tanam. Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Mataram, Mataram.
  33. Wijaya, T.,Rosyid,M.J.,and Boerhendhy, I. (­2001): Teknologi pengelolaan nutrisi dan air pada perkebunan karet. Pusat Penelitian Karet
  34. Wu, G. W., Wilson, L. T., Mc Clung, A. M. (1998): Contribution of rice tillers to dry matter accumulation and yield. Agron J, 90: 317-323.
   

[Chairani Hanum. (2017); GROWTH AND YIELD OF UPLAND RICE WITH THE ADDITION OF COMPOST FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES AND FUNGI MYCORRHIZAL. Int. J. of Adv. Res. 5 (Jan). 2280-2288] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com

Chairani Hanum
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara. Jalan

DOI:

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/3009      
DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/3009

Download Full Paper

Download PDF No. of Downloads: 28 | No. of Views: 99