GC-MS ANALYSIS OF PHYTOCHEMICALS IN THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq) Willd.

Background: The presence of diverse secondary metabolites (phytochemicals) has been reported from the genus Caesalpinia. However, there has been not much information available on phytochemical components and biological activity in the methanol extract of Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq) Willd. Objective: This study was designed to determine the phytochemicals in the methanol extract of Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq) Willd. Materials and Methods: Using GC-MS the molecular mass of a compound and its elemental composition could be easily determined. High resolution Electron Impact Mass Spectroscopy was performed. For GC-MS analysis a 30 X 0.32 mm X 1.8 ?m column Shimadzu QP2012 was used. For GC-MS detection an electron system with ionization energy of -70eV was used. Helium gas (99.9995%) was used as the carrier gas at a constant flow rate of 1.491ml/min and an injection volume of 1.0 ml was employed with split ratio 10:1. Injector temperature 1400 C Ion-source temperature 2000 C. The oven temperature was programmed from 1100 with an increase of 100C/min to 2400C ending with 8 min. Mass spectra were taken at 70eV a scan range of 0.5 sec. Total GC running time was 24.35 min. The relative percentage amount of each component was calculated by comparing its average peak area to the total areas. Software adopted to handle mass spectra and chromatograph was GCMS solution version 2.53 and compared with NIST Library 2011 version. The name, molecular weight and the structure of the components of the test material were ascertained. GC-MS analysis of the ethanol extract of Caesalpinia coriaria was performed using a GC-MS-5975C [AGILENT] comprising an HP-5ms Agilent auto-sampler and a gas chromatograph interfaced to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Results: This investigation was carried out to determine the possible chemical components from Caesalpinia coriaria by GC-MS. This analysis revealed that the methanol extract of Caesalpinia coriaria contained of 12 compounds. Dodecadien-1-ol, n-Hexadecanoic acid Tridecanoic acid Hexadecanoic acid were present abundantly. These compounds have pesticide, nematicide, acidifier, antitumor activity. 3-Cyclopentylpropionamide, 2 Ethyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate -Octadecatrienoic acid and Vitamin E have Antidote, antitumor Antiproliferative Hypercholesterolemic, antiarthritic,antiacne, hepatoprotective Antidote, anticancer activity. All identified compounds were, generally, reported as having antimicrobial activity. In addition, the squalene compound also having anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, chemo-preventive, pesticidal. Conclusions: From the results, it is evident that C.coriaria contains various bioactive compounds and is recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.