Serum levels of Chemerin and Omentin 1 in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Background:-. Peripheral insulin resistance is present in obese patients primarily due to the marked down regulation of the insulin receptors. Obesity is associated with elevated levels of chemerin that might influence dysregulation of glucose metabolism. Omentin-1 (Intelectin-1) is a newly identified protein that is highly and selectively expressed in visceral adipose tissue. Controversy has arisen concerning the regulatory mechanisms that modulate chemerin and omentin-1 expression and function, namely obesity, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, or oxidative stress. Objectives:- The aim of this work is to estimate the serum levels of chemerin and omentin 1 in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their correlation to disease progress and activity. Subjects and methods:- This prospective study was conducted on 80 individuals where 60 subjects were complaining of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 20 apparently healthy subjects serving as the control group. Individuals were subjected to full history taking, thorough clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, routine and specific laboratory investigations including glycated Hb, fasting insulin level, HOMA-IR, chemerin and omentin-1 serum levels. Results:- We found that there were statistically high significant differences between the studied groups regarding anthropometric measurements, DM duration, fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, liver function tests and chemerin and omentin, while there was significant differences regarding insulin and HOMA. We found statistically high significant positive correlations between chemerin and fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile , liver enzymes, HOMA -IR and body mass index. There were statistically high significant negative correlations between omentin and fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, liver enzymes, HOMA -IR and body mass index, significant positive correlations regarding duration and insulin. Conclusion:- Chemerin levels were significantly increased in obese patients and were related to insulin resistance. Omentin-1 levels were decreased in morbid obesity (MO), were inversely associated with chronic inflammation and dyslipidemia and the main modulating factors seemed to be dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and BMI.